管道(dao)(dao)(dao)清淤(yu)是(shi)(shi)將管道(dao)(dao)(dao)進行疏(shu)通，清理管道(dao)(dao)(dao)里面的(de)(de)淤(yu)泥(ni)，保持長期暢通，以防(fang)止城市(shi)發生內澇(lao)。我們走在(zai)街道(dao)(dao)(dao)上都會看(kan)到(dao)各種(zhong)下水道(dao)(dao)(dao)井(jing)蓋，很多(duo)都是(shi)(shi)污水井(jing)蓋，下雨天供城市(shi)街道(dao)(dao)(dao)排水用的(de)(de)，但是(shi)(shi)一(yi)旦下水道(dao)(dao)(dao)堵塞就會造成積水，所以管道(dao)(dao)(dao)清淤(yu)是(shi)(shi)市(shi)政建(jian)設中(zhong)很重要的(de)(de)一(yi)個環節，那么在(zai)進行管道(dao)(dao)(dao)清淤(yu)的(de)(de)時候有哪些(xie)訣竅和方法呢？

高壓水射流清淤技術

高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)是現(xian)如今最(zui)廣(guang)(guang)泛應(ying)用的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。該技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)主要采用高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)車(che)(che)(che)進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)車(che)(che)(che)把管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)中堵塞(sai)的(de)淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)沖(chong)刷到污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(排污管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao))或(huo)雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)檢查井(jing)，再通(tong)過(guo)(guo)專用的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)車(che)(che)(che)或(huo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)泵對(dui)淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)理。高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)車(che)(che)(che)裝備(bei)有(you)大型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)罐(guan)、機動卷(juan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)器、高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵、射(she)(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)頭(tou)等(deng)。操作時由(you)汽車(che)(che)(che)引擎(qing)驅動高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵，將(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)后送入射(she)(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)咀，具(ju)有(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)強度壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)噴(pen)嘴的(de)小孔(kong)，再將(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)能轉換為動能，從而形成具(ju)有(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)速沖(chong)擊力(li)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)，依靠(kao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)產生(sheng)的(de)反(fan)作用力(li)，使(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)噴(pen)頭(tou)和(he)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)膠管(guan)(guan)(guan)一起(qi)向(xiang)相反(fan)的(de)方向(xiang)行進，同時清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁，噴(pen)頭(tou)噴(pen)出的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)可將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)內(nei)壁殘留的(de)污垢、沉積物等(deng)沖(chong)到下(xia)游檢查井(jing)，再由(you)吸(xi)泥(ni)車(che)(che)(che)將(jiang)其吸(xi)走(zou)。采用高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)具(ju)有(you)安全、工(gong)作效率高(gao)(gao)(gao)、環(huan)保無(wu)污染(ran)、應(ying)用范圍廣(guang)(guang)、節能等(deng)優點。 正因如此，高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)近(jin)年來(lai)得到廣(guang)(guang)泛應(ying)用。高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)可適(shi)用于DN80~DN1500管(guan)(guan)(guan)徑的(de)各類污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)、雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)和(he)工(gong)業管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)。

絞車清淤技術

絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)清(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)也稱作(zuo)機械(xie)清(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)，這是(shi)常(chang)用(yong)的一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)清(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)。這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)技(ji)術(shu)使(shi)用(yong)TT片(pian)穿(chuan)過需(xu)要(yao)清(qing)淤的管(guan)(guan)道(dao)段，TT 片(pian)兩端都(dou)系上(shang)鋼絲(si)繩，在(zai)清(qing)淤管(guan)(guan)段的兩端檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)井(jing)(jing)(jing)上(shang)各設1臺(tai)絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)，兩根(gen)(gen)(gen)鋼絲(si)繩上(shang)另一(yi)(yi)端都(dou)系在(zai)絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)上(shang)，利用(yong)絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)來回往復(fu)絞(jiao)(jiao)動(dong)(dong)鋼絲(si)繩，帶動(dong)(dong)TT片(pian)將(jiang)淤泥(ni)刮到下(xia)游檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)井(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)，從而(er)使(shi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)得(de)到的清(qing)通(tong)。絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)的動(dong)(dong)力(li)可(ke)以是(shi)靠人(ren)力(li)手動(dong)(dong)，也可(ke)以是(shi)機動(dong)(dong)，這要(yao)根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)實際情(qing)(qing)況而(er)定。絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)清(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)適用(yong)于各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)直徑的下(xia)水管(guan)(guan)道(dao)，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)對管(guan)(guan)道(dao)淤塞比(bi)較嚴(yan)重、淤泥(ni)己粘(zhan)結密(mi)實，用(yong)水力(li)清(qing)通(tong)效(xiao)果不(bu)好時(shi)，采取這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)效(xiao)果很好。但這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)不(bu)足(zu)點(dian)是(shi)，從一(yi)(yi)個井(jing)(jing)(jing)口(kou)向另一(yi)(yi)個井(jing)(jing)(jing)口(kou)送TT片(pian)需(xu)要(yao)人(ren)工(gong)下(xia)井(jing)(jing)(jing)完(wan)成(cheng)，如井(jing)(jing)(jing)下(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)條(tiao)件惡劣(lie)，工(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)境不(bu)佳(jia)時(shi)會給工(gong)人(ren)工(gong)作(zuo)帶來極(ji)大的不(bu)便甚至(zhi)可(ke)能引發(fa)事故(gu)，所以一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)倍加注意安全。至(zhi)于清(qing)淤的工(gong)具，其種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類繁多，可(ke)根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)實際情(qing)(qing)況選用(yong)。這是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)老式清(qing)淤方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，雖然具有(you)一(yi)(yi)定的歷史年限，但是(shi)目前也比(bi)較常(chang)用(yong)。

水沖刷清淤法

水(shui)(shui)沖刷清(qing)淤(yu)一(yi)般通過能(neng)擋(dang)(dang)水(shui)(shui)設備(例(li)如：氣囊(nang))把管道(dao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)污水(shui)(shui)阻擋(dang)(dang)在其(qi)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)上游，為水(shui)(shui)位達到(dao)一(yi)定高度后便(bian)放水(shui)(shui)，使(shi)上游水(shui)(shui)形成水(shui)(shui)流來(lai)清(qing)除管道(dao)內(nei)的(de)(de)沉積物(wu)。沉積物(wu)沖走后，這個裝(zhuang)置就向下(xia)游移(yi)動一(yi)段位置，再進(jin)行集(ji)水(shui)(shui)清(qing)淤(yu)。這種技術效(xiao)率不高，所(suo)以，應用不廣泛。