管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)清(qing)淤(yu)是(shi)將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)進(jin)行疏通，清(qing)理(li)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)里面(mian)的淤(yu)泥(ni)，保持長期暢(chang)通，以(yi)防(fang)止城市(shi)(shi)發生內(nei)澇。我們(men)走在(zai)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)(dao)上(shang)都(dou)會看(kan)到各種(zhong)下水(shui)(shui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)井蓋，很多都(dou)是(shi)污水(shui)(shui)井蓋，下雨天供城市(shi)(shi)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)(dao)排水(shui)(shui)用的，但是(shi)一(yi)旦下水(shui)(shui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)堵塞就會造成(cheng)積水(shui)(shui)，所以(yi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)清(qing)淤(yu)是(shi)市(shi)(shi)政建設中很重要的一(yi)個環節，那么在(zai)進(jin)行管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)清(qing)淤(yu)的時候有哪(na)些訣(jue)竅和方法(fa)呢(ni)？

高壓(ya)水(shui)射流(liu)清淤(yu)技術

高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)是現(xian)如今最(zui)廣(guang)泛應用的管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)。該(gai)技術(shu)主要采用高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)車(che)進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，通(tong)過高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)車(che)把管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)中堵塞的淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥(ni)沖(chong)刷到(dao)(dao)污水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(排污管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao))或(huo)雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的檢查(cha)井，再(zai)通(tong)過專(zhuan)用的清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)車(che)或(huo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泵(beng)對淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥(ni)進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)理。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)車(che)裝備有(you)大(da)型水(shui)(shui)罐(guan)、機動(dong)(dong)(dong)卷管(guan)(guan)器、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)、射(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)噴(pen)頭等。操作時(shi)由汽車(che)引擎驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)泵(beng)，將水(shui)(shui)加壓(ya)(ya)后(hou)送入射(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)噴(pen)咀(ju)，具(ju)有(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強度壓(ya)(ya)力(li)的水(shui)(shui)通(tong)過高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)噴(pen)嘴的小孔，再(zai)將壓(ya)(ya)力(li)能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換為(wei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)，從而形成具(ju)有(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)速(su)沖(chong)擊力(li)的水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流，依靠高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流產生(sheng)的反作用力(li)，使管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)噴(pen)頭和高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)膠(jiao)管(guan)(guan)一(yi)起向相(xiang)反的方向行進，同時(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)壁，噴(pen)頭噴(pen)出的高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)流可將管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)內(nei)壁殘留的污垢、沉積物(wu)等沖(chong)到(dao)(dao)下游檢查(cha)井，再(zai)由吸泥(ni)車(che)將其(qi)吸走。采用高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)具(ju)有(you)安全、工(gong)作效率高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、環保(bao)無污染、應用范(fan)圍廣(guang)、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)等優點。 正因(yin)如此，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)近年(nian)來(lai)得到(dao)(dao)廣(guang)泛應用。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)可適用于DN80~DN1500管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)的各(ge)類污水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)、雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)和工(gong)業管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)。

絞車清淤技術

絞車清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)術也(ye)稱作機(ji)械清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)術，這(zhe)是(shi)常(chang)用的(de)一(yi)種清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)術。這(zhe)種技(ji)術使用TT片(pian)穿過需要清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)管(guan)(guan)道段，TT 片(pian)兩(liang)端(duan)都系上(shang)鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩，在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)段的(de)兩(liang)端(duan)檢(jian)(jian)查井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)上(shang)各(ge)(ge)設1臺絞車，兩(liang)根鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩上(shang)另一(yi)端(duan)都系在(zai)絞車上(shang)，利(li)用絞車來(lai)回(hui)往復絞動鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩，帶(dai)動TT片(pian)將淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥(ni)刮(gua)到(dao)(dao)下游檢(jian)(jian)查井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內，從而(er)使管(guan)(guan)道得到(dao)(dao)的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)通(tong)。絞車的(de)動力(li)(li)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)是(shi)靠人力(li)(li)手動，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)是(shi)機(ji)動，這(zhe)要根據實際情(qing)況(kuang)而(er)定。絞車清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)術適用于各(ge)(ge)種直(zhi)徑的(de)下水(shui)管(guan)(guan)道，特別是(shi)對管(guan)(guan)道淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塞(sai)比較嚴重、淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥(ni)己粘(zhan)結密實，用水(shui)力(li)(li)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)通(tong)效果不(bu)(bu)好時，采取這(zhe)種方(fang)法(fa)效果很好。但這(zhe)種方(fang)法(fa)不(bu)(bu)足點(dian)是(shi)，從一(yi)個井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)口(kou)向另一(yi)個井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)口(kou)送(song)TT片(pian)需要人工(gong)(gong)(gong)下井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)完成，如(ru)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)下工(gong)(gong)(gong)作條件惡劣，工(gong)(gong)(gong)作環境不(bu)(bu)佳時會給工(gong)(gong)(gong)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)作帶(dai)來(lai)極大的(de)不(bu)(bu)便(bian)甚至可(ke)(ke)能引(yin)發事故，所(suo)以(yi)一(yi)定要倍加(jia)注意安(an)全。至于清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具，其種類繁多，可(ke)(ke)根據實際情(qing)況(kuang)選用。這(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)種老(lao)式清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方(fang)法(fa)，雖然具有(you)一(yi)定的(de)歷史年(nian)限(xian)，但是(shi)目前也(ye)比較常(chang)用。

水沖刷清淤法

水(shui)沖刷清(qing)淤(yu)一般通過能擋水(shui)設備(例如：氣囊)把(ba)管道中的污水(shui)阻(zu)擋在其裝置(zhi)(zhi)的上(shang)游，為(wei)水(shui)位達到一定高(gao)度后便(bian)放水(shui)，使上(shang)游水(shui)形成水(shui)流(liu)來清(qing)除管道內的沉積物(wu)。沉積物(wu)沖走后，這個(ge)裝置(zhi)(zhi)就(jiu)向下游移動一段位置(zhi)(zhi)，再進行集(ji)水(shui)清(qing)淤(yu)。這種技(ji)術(shu)效率不(bu)高(gao)，所以，應用不(bu)廣泛。